贫困生自尊影响因素及教育对策模型建构

Construction of the Theoretical Education Countermeasure Model to the Influential Factors to the Self-esteem of Undergraduates in Poverty

贫困生自尊影响因素及教育对策的理论模型由其自尊的形成过程、影响因素和提高其自尊水平的教育对策三个部分组成。贫困生会根据他人对自己的评价及自我评价,形成自我认知体验和看法,如自信自强或自卑虚荣。家庭经济状况、父母教养方式、学校资助和社会支持作为外因对贫困生自尊程度有明显的影响,心理认知、个人定位、社交能力和学业水平等则是影响其自尊程度的内因。以适当的经济资助、加强家校沟通、改进资助方式、建立朋辈互助等方式构建外力援助体系,以自强教育、自信培养、社交训练、动力激发等方式构建心理干预机制,两种教育对策相辅相成,有助于提高贫困生的自尊水平。

The construction of theoretical education countermeasure model to the influential factors to the self-esteem of undergraduates in poverty consists of three parts,the formation of self-esteem,influential factors and educational countermeasures for improving one's level of self-esteem.Based on others' judgments and self-evaluation,the undergraduates in poverty form self-cognition and perspectives,confidence,self-enhancement,inferiority and vanity.External factors such as family finances,parenting pattern,school funds and social support have the apparent impact on the formation of self-esteem level of undergraduates in poverty.Internal factors like psychological cognition,self-assertiveness,sociable competence and the level of attainment also have the impact on it.There are two educational countermeasures for improving the self-esteem level of undergraduates in poverty,which are complementary to each other.One is to set up a system of external support,including proper financial assistance,strengthening family-school communication,improving ways for offering financial aid,building up peer counseling system.The other is to set up intervention mechanism of psychology,including self-reliance education,confidence cultivation,social skill training,motivation stimulation.