南方航空网络空间格局及市场范围

Spatial pattern of China Southern Airlines' network and its market coverage

随着航空放松管制的逐步深入,航空企业逐渐成为影响航空网络空间格局的主体。以南方航空为研究对象,基于航班时刻表数据,分析其航空网络的空间格局,并以此来甄别通航城市的等级结构;以全国航空网络为比较对象,从航线、通航城市、航班频率及客流量等视角,分析比较南方航空的六类市场类型及其空间格局。研究发现:南方航空的航线网络和通航城市均存在空间布局不均衡的特点,其运营航班主要集中于南部地区及围绕广州及乌鲁木齐展开的航线,但其垄断性市场主要集中在支线机场及与广州相连的航线;运输需求与运营基地是影响航空企业运力投放的重要影响因素。从企业尺度丰富了对航空网络的研究,可为企业航空网络发展及市场化决策做出指导。

Air transportation, with its high time efficiency and economic efficiency, has become an important transport organization mode in regional social economic activities and spatial interaction relations, which exerts great influence on regional development. Aviation network is of significance in air transport. With the implementation of deregulation on civil aviation,airlines are becoming the main factors affecting the aviation network. The network spatial pattern analysis and airlines＇ marketing research are helpful to cognize companies＇ organizational behavior.Based on flights time lists data and quantitative analysis, this paper compares China Southern Airlines with national aviation network on air routes, aviation cities, flights frequency and passenger flow, divides the market into six hierarchies and analyzes its spatial patterns. The research considers absolute markets（market scale） and relative markets（market competitiveness） of China Southern Airlines. The results are as follows：（1） uneven spatial distribution exists in aviation network of China Southern Airlines. The company＇s absolute monopoly markets concentrate on feeder airports and routes connected with Guangzhou, while flights focus on hub airports and main routes.（2） The factors that influence the markets are demand for aviation, economic development and the base of China Southern Airlines. The tertiary industry, especially tourism makes contribution to aviation. Meanwhile, the bases offer convenient conditions for the airlines, which promote agglomeration of market commitment.This paper complements aviation network research from perspectives on aviation companies,with guidance to their decisions on aviation market development.