世界大豆贸易格局及国际竞争力研究

Study on the trade situation and international competitiveness of soybeans

本文从贸易总量、贸易地理分布和国际竞争力等方面对世界大豆市场贸易动态展开研究。结果表明,世界大豆贸易在呈现良好发展势头的同时,其贸易格局发生了较大变化。大豆出口市场由20世纪80年代以前的美国独家垄断演变为现今的美国、巴西和阿根廷3国寡头垄断。进口方面,中国取代日本成为世界大豆头号购买国。美国、巴西和阿根廷大豆产业显示出极强的国际竞争力,中国大豆国际竞争力非常弱,并且呈现持续弱化的趋势。

This paper makes a study on the trade dynamic of world soybeans from the aspects of trade volume,trade situation and international competitiveness. The results show that the world soybeans trade has kept a sound momentum of development,while its trade situation changed somewhat. The export market of world soybeans was monopolized by the United States only before the 1980 s. After that,it was monopolized by the United States,Brazil and Argentina together. China replaced Japan as the world soybeans biggest importer. The United States,Brazil and Argentina have strong international competitiveness in the soybean industry,while China's is very weak,and which is getting worse.