西北村镇建筑冬季室内期望温度研究

Expected indoor temperatures in northwest rural building in winter

对乌鲁木齐、西宁、西安、天水、银川5个典型西北地区村镇住宅建筑各主要功能房间的使用情况、采暖情况、温度、居民热需求、衣着和活动强度等进行测试与问卷调查,以得到主要功能房间间歇采暖时间段、采暖与否两种情况下居民的期望温度、室内活动强度与服装热阻对居民期望温度的影响.结果表明：采暖和非采暖情况下,卧室期望温度分别约为15～19℃和12～14℃;采暖和非采暖情况下,客厅期望温度分别约为16～19℃和11～13℃.冬季间歇采暖时间段可取为：主卧为19：00一次日8：30,次卧为20：30一次日8：00,客厅为8：30-19：00,但考虑到时差原因,采暖时段可作相应调整.

An investigation into the northwest rural residents’indoor thermal environment was carried out in five typical regions of Urumqi,Sining,Xi’an,Tianshui,and Yinchuan.It included the usage of each function room,heating conditions,tempera-tures,thermal requirement,clothing,and intensity of activities and so on.It is seen that,in northwest of villages and towns in winter,it receives each function room’s heating period,expected temperatures when the houses are heated or not heated,and how the intensity of activities or thermal resistance of clothing affects expected temperatures.The results provide that expected temperatures,when the houses are heated,are 15-19 ℃ in bedrooms and are 16-19 ℃ in sitting rooms,and that expected temperatures,when the houses are not heated,are 12-14 ℃ in bedrooms and are 11-13 ℃ in sitting rooms.The results pro-vide that heating periods of northwest rural intermittent heating in winter are from 7:00 p.m.to 8:30 a.m.in master bedrooms, from 8:30 p.m.to 8:00 a.m.in second bedrooms,and from 8:30 a.m.to 7:00 p.m.in sitting rooms.Due to the time differ-ences,the heating periods can be correspondingly adjusted.