腺苷A2a受体、caspase-3与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病

Adenosine A2a Receptors,Caspase-3 and Neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy

腺苷是一种重要的神经递质,其受体共分为A1、A2a、A2b、A3四种类型,其中A2a受体在中枢神经系统的纹状体、海马区和皮质区分布较多。当缺氧缺血性脑损伤发生后,大量的腺苷A2a受体数量增加,其与腺苷结合后,引起兴奋性神经递质及中枢炎性因子的释放增加,最终引起神经元细胞的死亡或凋亡。而胱天蛋白酶(caspase)3在缺氧缺血性神经元凋亡过程中也发挥了非常重要的作用。该文就腺苷A2a受体、caspase-3与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的相关发病机制进行综述。

Adenosine is an important neurotransmitter,the receptors of which consist of A1,A2a,A2b, A3 four types,and A2a receptors are more distributed in the central nervous system of the striatum,hippo-campus and cortex.After the hypoxic ischemic brain damage,a number of adenosine A2a receptors increase, which then combine with adenosine,inducing the increase of excitatory neurotransmitter and central inflam-matory factors release,ultimately causing neuronal cell death or apoptosis.Caspase-3 also plays a very impor-tant role in ischemic neuronal apoptosis in hypoxia.Here is to make an elaboration on the associated patho-genesis of adenosine A2a receptor,caspase-3 in neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.