肩关节脱位手法复位临床研究现状

Clinical Research Status of the Manipulative Reduction Methods in Treating Shoulder Dislocations

手法复位是目前肩关节脱位临床最为常用的复位方法,适用范围广,操作简便,损伤小,疗效肯定。杠杆法利用杠杠支点,省力快捷,但局部软组织的应力较大,并发症多,适用范围小;重力法无需寻找杠杠支点,利用重力进行牵引,节省人力,但所需时间较长,对场地设备要求高,不适用于现场急救;牵拉法临床最为常用,操作简便,对局部软组织损伤小,对场地设备要求低,适用于现场急救,但复位成功率相对较低,与术者的临床经验和操作手法的熟练程度相关。

Manipulative reduction is the most common option for the treatment of shoulder dislocation , which is applied widely,easy to operate,and has less trauma,and affirmative effect.The leverage method making use of fulcrum costs less effort and shorter reduction time ,but it causes higher pressure on the soft tis-sue,more complications and the scope of application is limited .The gravity method making use of gravity instead of leverage fulcrum needs the least strength,while the reduction time is the longest,and the require-ment of the field equipment is so high that it is not available for on-site first aid.The traction method is most commonly used in clinical,which has many advantages such as convenience to operate,less injury to the soft tissue,lower demand for equipment and applicability for the first aid ,but the reduction success rate is lower , which is related to the operator′s clinical experience and operation technique.