湘潭市社区居民高血压相关因素分析

Analysis of the Related Factors of Hypertension in Community Residents in Xiangtan City

目的了解湘潭市社区居民高血压相关因素。方法整群分层抽取2013年湘潭市2个社区服务中心居民健康档案,对相关资料进行统计分析。结果高血压标准化后患病率为19.20%,其患病率随着年龄的增长而显著增加(P<0.05);高血压患者并发糖尿病、冠心病、高脂血症和脑血管疾病的风险明显高于非高血压者(P<0.05);性别、年龄、体质指数、腰围、吸烟行为、糖尿病、冠心病、高脂血症和脑血管疾病与高血压呈正相关,锻炼与高血压呈负相关。结论湘潭市社区居民高血压患病率仍处于较高水平,高血压可增加糖尿病、冠心病、高脂血症和脑血管疾病的患病风险,性别、年龄、肥胖或中心性肥胖、缺乏锻炼和吸烟行为是高血压病危险因素,加强社区健康宣教,倡导健康生活方式,早期检测以及优化个体化治疗,是目前湘潭市社区居民高血压病防治工作的重点。

Objective To investigate the related factors of hypertension in community residents in Xiangtan city.Methods The residents＇ health records of two community service centers were randomized for cluster sampling in Xiangtan city in 2013,and the relevant data were statistically analysed. Results Hypertension prevalence rate was 19. 20% after standardization. The prevalence rate of hypertension increased significantly with age（ P〈0. 05）; The risk of hypertension patients complicated with diabetes,coronary heart disease,hyperlipidemia,and cerebrovascular disease prevalence rate was significantly higher than that in non hypertensive subjects（ P〈0. 05）; Level of bood pressure were positively correlated with gender,age,BMI,waist circumference,smoking,diabetes,coronary heart disease,hyperlipidemia and cerebrovascular disease and negatively correlated with exercise. Conclusion The hypertension prevalence rate of the city community residents is still in the high level. High blood pressure can increase the risk of diabetes,coronary heart disease,hyperlipidemia,and cerebrovascular disease prevalence rate;Age,gender,obesity and central obesity,lack of exercise and smoking behavior are the risk factors of hypertension. Strengthening community health education,promoting healthy way of life,early detection and optimizing the individualized treatment,are the focus of the prevention and control of hypertension for the present Xiangtan city community residents.