2006—2013年杭州城市旅游全要素生产率格局及影响因素

Study on Hangzhou City Tourism Total Factors Productivity Patterns and Its Influencing Factors: 2006-2013

从全要素生产率的视角探讨2006—2013年杭州旅游发展绩效及其空间格局的变化特征。研究发现,此间杭州市旅游全要素生产率总体上呈现波动且上升的趋势,上升了10.8%,上升的原因在于,这8年间杭州旅游的历年平均技术效率、技术变化和规模效率变化在大部分年份均显著改善;此间杭州旅游纯技术效率是下降的,但呈现向好发展的势头,下降的原因在于投入要素在使用上的效率未能实现优化。从空间格局上看,杭州旅游效率呈现了空间差异的特征,但是区域差异不大。进一步对杭州市旅游经济效率的影响因素进行剖析,发现产业结构、基础设施、对外开放程度、经济发展水平和服务业发展规模等因素对旅游经济效率均具有显著正向影响。文章最后讨论了研究结果赋予的政策涵义。

The experience of the development of the world tourism countries shows that： tourism countries are supported both by the tourism industries and by the tourism destinations. Hangzhou, as Chinese and even the world famous tourist city, has a high demonstration effect on its urban tourism development. The paper analyzes Hangzhou＇s urban tourism performance as well as its spatial characters in the period of 2006-2013 from the prospective of Total Factor Productivity （TFP）. The main result shows that overall TFP of Hangzhou urban tourism fluctuated and ascended with the rate of 10.8%; which lies in a significant improvement in the annual average technical efficiency change index, technical change index, and the scale efficiency change index. But the pure technical efficiency index declined during this period due to the under utilization of its input factors. From spatial pattern, the result shows that the tourism efficiency presents regional disparity with a higher rate in core areas than in periphery areas. The paper also finds that industry structure, infrastructure, open level, economy development, and scale of service industry are positive on total factor productivity. The key findings of the paper have important policy implications. First of all, in order to improve the efficiency of tourism, it needs a reasonable scale of investment under the premise, and needs further optimize the structure; realizes the sustainable development of tourism. Secondly, pay more attention to the investment of electronic commerce as representative to promote tourism intelligence development. The results of the empirical analysis show that improve the technology progress is very significant to Hangzhou city tourism total factor productivity. Finally, transfer economic growth mode, adjust the industrial structure, and gradually improve the modem service industry system to promote Hangzhou tourism development and efficiency improvement are the fundamental significance in the study.