水性炭系电热涂料的制备及性能研究

Study on preparation and properties of waterborne carbon-based electro-thermal coating

以水性丙烯酸树脂为粘结剂，石墨为主要导电填料，配入其他导电填料制备了水性炭系电热涂料。研究了水性丙烯酸树脂添加量、溶剂水的用量、固化温度和导电填料种类对涂层电热性能的影响，并测试了最佳条件所得涂层的使用性能。结果显示，水性丙烯酸树脂与石墨的质量比为5：5时，涂层在80v的电压下通电5min，表面温度可达95℃。溶剂水的添加量宜23％～27％，涂层固化温度宜50℃左右。在所选炭黑、煅后焦、无烟煤、三氧化二铝、二氧化硅和碳化硅这6种填料中，石墨与炭黑复合后所得涂层电热性能最好。当m（水性丙烯酸树脂）：m（石墨）：肌（炭黑）：5：4：1时，40V电压时涂层表面温度可迅速达到100℃以上，且耐抽性、耐热性、硬度和附着力均满足使用要求。

A waterborne carbon-based electro-thermal coating was prepared with waterbome acrylic resin as binder and graphite as main conductive filler by mixing with other conductive fillers. The influences of waterborne acrylic resin and water contents, curing temperature, and type of filler on coating＇s electro-thermal properties were discussed. The performance of the coating obtained under optimized conditions was tested. The results showed that the surface temperature of the coating prepared at a mass ratio of waterborne acrylic resin to graphite 5：5 reaches 95 ~C after applying a voltage of 80 V for 5 min. The optimal water amount and curing temperature are 23%-27% and 50 ~C, respectively. Among the chosen conductive fillers （i.e. carbon black, calcined petroleum coke, anthracite, alumina, silica, and silicon carbide）, carbon black showed the best synergistic effect with graphite. The coating prepared with waterborne acrylic resin, graphite, and carbon black at a mass ratio of 5：4：1 features a quick attaining of surface temperature above 100 ~C after applying a voltage of 40 V and satisfactory water resistance, heat resistance, pencil hardness, and adhesion strength.