网络批评与学院批评:矛盾与互补

Network Criticism and Academic Criticism:Conflict and Complementation

作为当代媒体文学批评最自由批评方式的网络批评,正以它独有的舞台和独特的言说方式引起广泛注意。网络批评具有批评主体身份多元化、批评方式互动化、批评功能多重化、批评话语尖锐化等特点,令人耳目一新。它改变了学院派/学院批评的传统模式和风格,动摇了学院派批评的话语权。但网络批评主体的泛化却带来了批评学理的消解、评价尺度的模糊、批评深度的缺失;网络批评的自由性也带来了批评的随意性、情绪化、非理性;它追求即时性和时效性,却在表面快速而热闹的背后充满无深度的言说。学院派批评群体不能因网络批评的缺陷而对其视而不见,不能过份看重自己的文化资本和固执于自己的精英立场而拒绝对网络批评的正视和吸纳。学院派批评应该主动研究网络文学,积极介入网络批评,吸纳网络批评的优点,反思自身痼疾和实现自我革命;同时,以自身的优势弥补网络批评的缺陷,促进网络批评的健康发展。

As one of the most liberal way of literary criticism on contemporary media,network criticism has aroused wide attention because of its special arena and unique speaking style.Network criticism possesses some new features such as diversified identity of critical subject,interactive critical style,multiple functions of criticism and edgy discourse.All of them made people feel like fresh.It has changed the traditional critical mode and style of academic criticism and shaken its discourse power.But the generalization of critical subjects has brought us some problems,such as the collapse of criticism theory,vague criterion,superficial comment.The freedom of network criticism also made it unrestrained,emotional,irrational.It pursues instanta neity and efficiency,but is full of superficial comment behind the loud speaking.The academic critics could not turn a blind eyes to its defects and could not focus on their own cultural capital and elite position too much so as to refuse to face and absorb some positive things from the criticism.Academic critics should do research about network literature and join in network criticism actively.They should also absorb merit of it and rethink their own shortcoming in order to make themselves progress.At the same time,they can make up the weak point of network criticism with their advantage and promote it healthily.