大国平衡下的东盟安全机制及面临的挑战

ASEAN Security Mechanism and Its Challenges Based on the Balance of Power

东盟自其成立至今一直处于国际秩序的巨大变革中,在大国介入下,东盟内部的宗教、领土等问题不断发酵,争端不断。国际政治中的现实主义理论认为,国际体系的变化直接影响着国家行为,而国际社会的无政府状态决定了各国有扩张自身的权力以求生存的趋势。然而实力较弱的东盟各国难以依靠自身的力量实现自强和自保,因此它们通过建立联盟来构建大国平衡的安全机制,以维护本地区的独立与生存。尽管该机制一度提高了东盟的国际地位和生存能力,但随着国际多极化趋势和非传统安全威胁的扩展,传统的大国平衡安全机制的弊端渐趋显露出来,如果运用不好,它可能会妨碍该地区的和平与稳定。因此,在新的国际体系下,既要变革大国平衡机制,也要发展东盟内部的安全合作。

ASEAN has been in a huge change of the international order since it was established. Due to the complicated religious and territorial disputes between ASEAN countries, conflicts never stopped in this area.Realism shows that the changes and the anarchy of the international system directly affects nation＇s behavior, which makes the nations tend to expand its own power in order to survive. Considering that it＇s hard for ASEAN countries to rely on its own strength to achieve self-reliance and self-protection, they created the security mechanism of power balance. Although this mechanism has improved ASEAN＇s international status and viability, disadvantage is gradually revealed with the expansion of multi-polarization of world and non-traditional security threats.It may even hinder the peace and stability in the region. Therefore, it is necessary to change the balance mechanism and, more important, to enhance the security cooperation within ASEAN under the new international system.