印度私立高等教育财政政策的改革及借鉴——基于印度“十二五”规划的审视

Reform of Fiscal Policies for Private Higher Education in India:Based on Its Twelfth Five-Year Plan

印度"十二五"规划期间,私立高等教育财政政策的改革措施聚焦于加大财政资助力度、完善资金监管体系、优化筹资渠道以及发展公私合作关系;改革内容贯彻着新公共管理思想与平等主义思想;改革成效包含私立高校数量及入学率的增长,私立高校融资渠道的优化。中国应当进一步调整民办高校分类管理政策、经费保障制度,规范政府在民办高校经费筹措中的职能定位,注重财政政策对民办高校教育质量的杠杆作用。

During the 12th Five-Year Plan period of India, the reform of fiscal policies for private higher education is focused on increasing financial aid, improving the fund supervision system, optimizing fund-raising channels, and developing public-private partnerships. The reform is characterized by new public management and equalitarian ideas. The reform has brought about growth in both size and enrollment rates, and optimization of financing channels, for private higher education institutions. China can learn from India＇s experience. Specifically, it should further adjust classification management policies and the financial support system for private higher education institutions. It should also stand- ardize the functions of the government and focus on the quality of private higher education institutions.