环境友好型阻燃剂的制备与应用

Synthesis and Application of Environmental Friendly Fire Retardant

环境友好型阻燃剂——含多羟基取代的六氯环三磷腈衍生物经IR及31P NMR结构表征,确定六氯环三磷腈(HCCP)与季戊四醇(PER)发生了取代反应.研究了原料配比、溶剂以及反应时间对阻燃剂产率的影响,确定了最佳反应条件:物质的量比n(HCCP)∶n(PER)=1∶5,以四氢呋喃为溶剂反应24 h,产率达76.45%.采用垂直燃烧法测试了该阻燃剂的阻燃性能.结果显示,阻燃剂浓度达到30%以上可实现续燃时间及阴燃时间均为0 s、残炭率>40%的良好阻燃效果.为提高此阻燃剂在纺织品上的附着力,将制备的环境友好型阻燃剂作为磷氮系阻燃剂与硅丙乳液乳液共混,应用于棉织物的阻燃整理,并研究了共混后阻燃剂含量对棉布耐搓洗性和阻燃性的影响,确定了阻燃剂的最佳含量为30%.

Environment-friendly flame retardants, cyclotriphosphazene derivatives, were synthesized and characterized by IR spectra and 31P-NMR, and proved that the cyelotriphosphazene （HCCP） was substituted with pentae- rythritol （PER）. The influence of ratio of raw materials, solvent and reaction time were systematically investigated. The optimal reaction conditions were determined as n（HCCP）：n（PER） = 1：5, tetrahydrofuran as solvent, reaction for 24 h, and the yield was up to 76.45 %. Vertical combustion method was used to test the flame retardant properties of the flame retardant, the results show that continued burning time and smoldering time are 0 s when the concentration of flame retardants was up to 30% and the char yield 〉 40%. In order to improve the adhesion of the flame retardants in textiles, mixed environment-friendly flame retardants and silicone acrylic emulsion were applied on cotton fabrics finishing. Based on the trends of scrub-resistant performance and the retardant properties of the sample, the best ratio of flame retardants and silicone acrylic emulsion was 3：7.