虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄营养成分分析

Analysis of nutritive composition of yolk of fertilized egg of Sepia pharaonis

本实验对虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄的营养成分进行分析,旨在探讨其幼体的营养需求量,为其幼体配合饲料研制提供参考数据。随机选取大约800个虎斑乌贼受精卵的卵黄,采用国家标准方法测定其水分、灰分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、氨基酸、脂肪酸和矿物元素含量。结果表明:1)虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄中粗蛋白质含量为76.33%(干重基础);总氨基酸(TAA)和必需氨基酸(EAA)含量分别为71.22%和32.38%(干重基础),EAA/TAA为45.46%,氨基酸中以谷氨酸(Glu)含量最高(9.97%),必需氨基酸中亮氨酸(Leu)含量最高(7.58%)。2)其粗脂肪含量12.71%(干重基础);共检出17种脂肪酸,包括8种饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、5种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和4种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),SFA、MUFA和PUFA分别占脂肪酸总量的43.47%、7.54%和49.25%,其中以DHA含量最高,达32.80%,EPA含量为7.70%,DHA/EPA为4.26。3)检测出Na、K、Ca、M g、Sr、M n、Fe、Cu、Zn、Al和As矿物元素,微量元素中富含Zn、Al和Fe,含量分别为0.77、0.71和0.43 mg/kg(鲜重基础)。由此可见,卵黄具有高蛋白、低脂肪,富含n-3PUFA的特点;虎斑乌贼幼体饲料中蛋白质需求量参考值为76.33%;氨基酸需求量参考值,如赖氨酸(Lys)为5.49%,蛋氨酸(Met)为2.63%;脂肪的需求量参考值为12.71%,DHA为4.17%,EPA为0.98%;微量元素需求量参考值,如Zn为2.77 mg/kg,Cu为0.19 mg/kg(干重基础)。

In order to provide a basis for the research and development of formulated cuttlefish feeds for juvenile cuttlefish,the nutrient composition was investigated in 800 yolks of fertilized eggs of S. pharaonis.The contents of moisture,ash,crude protein,crude fat,amino acids and fatty acids of yolk of S. pharaonis fertilized eggs were determined by adopting national standard method. The results show ed as follow s： The content of crude protein in yolk of fertilized eggs of S. pharaonis was 76. 33%（ dry weight basis）,and the contents of total amino acid（ TAA） and essential amino acids（ EAA） were 71. 22% and 32. 38%（ dry weight basis）. The ratio of EAA to TAA was 45. 46%,and Glu was 9. 97%. The content of crude fat was 12. 71%（ dry weight basis）. A total of 17 fatty acids were found,including 8 saturated fatty acids SFA,5monounsaturated fatty acids（ M UFA）,and 4 polyunsaturated fatty acids（ PUFA）. And they accounted for43. 47%,7. 54% and 49. 25% of total fatty acids,respectively. M oreover,the content of EPA and DHA in yolk was 32. 80%,7. 70%,respectively. The ratio of EPA to DHA was 4. 26. The yolk was rich in Ca,M g,Zn and Al. The content of Zn. Al and Fe in yolk was 0. 77,0. 71 and 0. 43 mg / kg（ fresh weight basis）,respectively. In conclusion,the yolk of fertilized eggs of S. pharaonis has high contents of protein,low content of fat,various kinds and high contents of amino acids,and lots of PUFA,especially DHA. The formulated cuttlefish feeds should be high in protein,low in fat and rich in EAA and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. For example,protein requirement is 76. 33%,Lys requirement is 5. 49%,fat requirement is12. 71%,DHA requirement is 4. 17%,EPA requirement is 0. 98%,and Cu requirement is 0. 19 mg / kg,and Zn requirement is 2. 77 mg / kg（ dry weight basis）.