国家介入背景下的底层环境抗争研究

Subaltern Environmental Action in the Context of State Intervention

在底层的环境抗争中,国家介入表现为积极介入、消极介入与消解性介入三种类型,不同的介入类型会产生截然不同的效果。作为"中国海洋污染索赔第一案","塔斯曼海"轮溢油事件开创了维护国家海洋生态权益的先例。在此次事件中,国家的积极介入是底层环境抗争成功的关键。虽然国家介入的主旨在于保护海洋环境,但它为底层环境抗争提供了有效的制度渠道和专业技术支持,提高了抗争维权的组织化程度,并为判决结果的执行提供了机制保障。而从整体上看,国家介入具有选择性,导致底层社会权益维护的制度保障不足。只有建立健全制度化介入机制,才能有效维护底层群体权益,进而促进社会良性运行。

Active intervention,negative intervention and dispelled intervention are three types of state intervention in the environmental actions of subaltern society,leading to completely different results. As the first case of Chinese marine pollution claims,＂Tasman Sea ＂oil spill incident created the precedent of safeguarding the national marine ecological rights and interests. In the environmental action of ＂Tasman Sea＂oil spill,state＇s active intervention is the key to subaltern success. Although the state＇s intervention aims at protecting the marine environment, it provides effective institutional channel and technical support for the subaltern,improves the level of organization and guarantees the implement of verdict. In general,the selection of state intervention leads to the insufficience of institutional indemnification of interests safeguarding of subaltern society. Therefore, in order to safeguard the subaltern society＇s interests effectively and the benign running of the society,the institutionalized intervention mechanism mustbe established.