我国省域水资源利用效率评价研究

Research into Evaluation of Efficiency of Provincial Water Resource Use in China

水资源的高效利用是关乎我国经济社会发展的战略问题。运用因子分析法筛选指标构建水资源利用效率评价指标体系,该体系包括3个因子6个指标。采用突变级数法编制31个省域水资源利用效率指数,并对其进行聚类分析。研究结果表明:时间上,各省域水资源利用效率基本呈现逐渐上升趋势;空间上,重庆、北京、上海等6省域水资源综合用水效率最高;安徽、江西、湖北、湖南等20省域次之;宁夏、西藏、四川、黑龙江、新疆5省域水资源利用效率较低。各因子指数值表明:农业用水效率较高,工业用水效率次之,生活生态用水效率最低。

Using water resource efficiently is a strategic issue of China＇s economic and social development. The evaluation index system of water resource use efficiency including three factors and 6 indicators is built in the method of principal component analysis. Then the catastrophe progression method is adopted to compile the 31 provincial water resources use efficiency index, and the cluster analysis is carried on. The results suggest that： as to the provincial administrative regions,such 6 provinces as Chongqing,Beijing,Shanghai and so on are ranked into thecategory with the highest water use efficiency. Water use efficiency is lower in such 20 provinces as Anhui,Jiangxi,Hubei and Hunan and so on. The 5 provinces of Ningxia,Tibet,Sichuan,Heilongjiang and Xinjiang have the lowest water resources use efficiency. The values of each factor show that the efficiency of agricultural water resource use is the highest,the one of industrial water resource use is less,and the lowest efficiency is found in the ecological water resource use.