湖北省2010年-2012年食品中不同微生物的污染情况分析

Analysis of different microbial contamination of food in Hubei from 2010 to 2012

目的通过对湖北省2010年-2012年12类食品中微生物检出数据进行统计分析,对微生物污染风险较高的食品进行关注和重点监测,为采取有效措施降低食品微生物污染的风险提供依据。方法采用食品安全国家标准GB4789中的方法对2010年-2012年3年间送检和抽检的12类食品进行4类微生物项目检测,对检测结果进行数据统计。结果 2010年-2012年共检测12类食品2 996份,检测的4类微生物指标中,菌落总数的合格率最低,为91.00%,霉菌和酵母菌的合格率最高,为96.91%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。农贸市场抽检的样品中微生物的合格率明显低于生产企业送检的样品(P<0.01)。结论食品中微生物的污染情况仍普遍存在,不同食品、不同微生物的污染情况有所不同,抽检能更好地发现食品存在的卫生问题。农贸市场中食品的卫生状况堪忧,菌落总数的污染更为普遍,今后应重点加强对农贸市场食品的卫生监督管理。

Objective To focus and put supervision on the food with higher risk of microbial contamination by the statistical analysis of detection datas of 12 kinds of foods in Hubei from 2010 to 2012, so as to provide a basis for taking effective measures to reduce the risk of microbial contamination of food. Methods The 12 kinds of food for inspection and sampling were test for the 4 kinds of microbes, which were collected from 2010 to 2012, following the national food standard GB 4789, and the detection results were statistically analyzed. Results From 2010 to 2012, 299 6 food in 12 categories were detected, and in the detection indicator of four microbes, the lowest qualified rate was the total number of bacterial colony （91.00%） and the highest was moulds and yeasts （96.91% ）, the difference between the two was statistically significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. The qualified rate of samples from farmers market was significantly lower than that from the manufacturer （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The microbial contamination of food is still prevalent, and the contamination varies in different foods and microorganisms. More problems are found by sampling and the situation is serious in farmers market. The contamination of the total number of bacterial colony is more common than others. The food in farmers market should be focused in the future.