湖北省市售坚果及籽类制品中4种黄曲霉毒素含量的监测质量评价

Surveillance quality assessment of the 4 aflatoxins in market-sale roasted seeds and nuts in Hubei

目的了解湖北省市售坚果及籽类制品中4种黄曲霉毒素的污染状况。方法采用高效液相色谱法对湖北省9个地市州的市售9种坚果及籽类制品中4种黄曲霉毒素的含量进行测定。结果采集样品256份,黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2的检出率分别为76.17%、25.00%、62.11%、17.97%,4种毒素的检出率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=247.393,P<0.05),黄曲霉毒素B1的超标率为1.95%,黄曲霉毒素B2、G1、G2因无国家限量标准故不予评价;各地市州之间黄曲霉毒素的检出率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=11.773,P>0.05);在监测的9类坚果及籽类样品中,其检出率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=12.941,P>0.05)。结论湖北省坚果及籽类制品中存在黄曲霉毒素污染的现象,污染以AFB1为主,应引起相关部门的重视,并强化日常监督。

Objective To investigate the 4 aflatoxins contamination status of the market - sale wasted seeds and nuts in Hubei province. Methods Applied with high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） to determine the content of 4 aflatoxins of the market - sale roasted seeds and nuts in the 9 cities and districts of Hubei province. Results 256 samples were collected, and the positive rate of aflatoxins B1, B2 , G1 and G2 were respectively 76.17% , 25.00% , 62.11% and 17.97%. There was statistical significance on the differences among the positive rates of the 4 aflatoxins （X2 = 247.393, P 〈 0.05 ）. The over standard rate of aflatoxins B1 was 1.95%, aflatoxins B2, G1 and G2 were not evaluated because there was no national limits standard. There was no statistical significance on the differences of the detection rates of aflatoxins from the nine regions （X2 = 11. 773, P 〉 0.05 ）, so was on the differences of the detection rates of aflatoxins from the nine roasted seeds and nuts（x2 = 12. 941, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion Aflatoxins contamination of market - sale roasted seeds and nuts in Hubei province is observed, with AFB the prominent, which requires more attention and daily intensified supervision of the relevant departments.