九华山“地藏三尊”图像的形成

On The Image Formation of Three Earth-treasure Deities in Jiuhuashan Mount

明清时期,以地藏、道明和闵公组合而成的九华山"地藏三尊"的形成是地藏菩萨图像的一个重大转变。究其原因,一方面源自于唐代九华山僧人金地藏的神化和九华山地藏道场的形成,另一方面也是地藏菩萨图像发展演进的内在需要。九华山"地藏三尊"的形成,不仅意味着地藏信仰彻底的本土化、人间化,也意味着地藏菩萨图像经由本土化、人间化的进程而达到成熟。

The birth of Three Earth-Treasure Deities image formed of Womb of the Earth, Buddha Daoming and Buddha Duke Min together in Jiuhua Mount during the Ming and Qing periods was greatly significant in the evolution of Kshitigarbha image. What caused the change are as follows: Tang Buddhist Jin was prayed as a divine being and Jiuhuashan Mount had fully developed to be the Bodhimanda of Ksitigarbha. On the other hand, the image of Ksitigarbha was changing naturally in the evolution process. The formation of Three Earth-Treasure Deities image of Jiuhuashan Mount implied that the religion in Ksitigarbha were thoroughly localized and popularized among the human world, and Ksitigarbha image grew fully mature over the process.