地雷伤截肢残段的解剖学观察

Anatomy observation of mine wound amputation stump

目的对地雷伤伤员的截肢残段进行解剖学观察,了解地雷伤的解剖特点,为地雷伤的治疗提供可以借鉴的解剖依据。方法对3段地雷伤截肢残段进行解剖,分离出神经、动静脉,测量肌肉、神经、动静脉长度及出血范围,并取肌肉组织做成切片在镜下观察。结果 3段地雷伤截肢残段的大部分肌肉、神经、血管断裂收缩,骨折多呈粉碎性。肌肉组织镜下观察发现,远心端组织结构破坏,肌纤维收缩、破裂、坏死;近心端肌肉组织水肿,大部分肌纤维正常,肌纤维染色浅、纹理模糊。结论地雷伤具有远达效应,地雷爆炸产生的冲击波会沿着伤肢蔓延,造成触雷部位附近的组织撕裂、渗血。

Objective To understand the anatomical features of the mine wound and provide anatomical basis for the treatment through anatomical observation of the mine wound amputation stump. Methods Three mine wound amputation stumps were dissected. The nerves,arteries and veins were separated and the length of the muscle,nerves,blood vessels and bleeding area were measured,respectively. The sections of muscle tissue were observed by microscope. Results Most of the muscle tissues,nerves and blood vessels were torn and the fractures were comminuted. Observed by the microscope found that the distal muscle tissue was broken,the muscle fiber was contracted,ruptured and mortified. The muscle tissues of proximal part showed edema,most of the muscle fiber was normal and light stain,their texture was fuzzy.Conclusion The mine wound has remote effect. The shock wave of mine explosion may spread along the limbs,which leads to the tissues ruptured and hemorrhage.