数字乳腺X射线摄影平均腺体剂量与乳腺分型及压迫厚度关系研究

Relationship of breast type, thickness and average glandular dosage in X-ray digital mammography

目的：分析乳腺分型及压迫厚度对数字乳腺X射线摄影平均腺体剂量（AGD）的影响，探讨不同乳腺分型和压迫厚度同AGD之间的关系。方法选择2014年7月至9月在南方医科大学南方医院行乳腺X射线摄影检查患者400例，均为女性，年龄21～72岁，中位年龄46岁。采用美国Hologic Selenia Dimensions全数字化乳腺摄影系统、全自动曝光控制模式下摄影所获得的400例乳腺片，回顾性分析不同的乳腺分型、不同的压迫厚度与AGD的关系。根据美国放射学会（ACR）分型为脂肪型、少量腺体型、多量腺体型、致密型。采用SPSS 20.0统计学软件对不同乳腺分型、不同压迫厚度患者的AGD进行分析，以研究不同乳腺分型、不同压迫厚度及全数字化乳腺X射线摄影AGD的关系。结果乳腺X射线摄影AGD随乳腺厚度增高而增高，随着乳腺密度分型由脂肪型、少量腺体型、多量腺体型到致密型逐步升高，AGD也随之升高。结论乳腺AGD与乳腺的压迫厚度和不同乳腺分型有着密切关系，有利于根据实际条件选择最优化的曝光参数，以最低的辐射剂量获得最优质图像。

Objective To analyze the effect of type and thickness in breast compression of X-ray digital mammography average glandular dosage（AGD）, and explore the relationship of different breast types and compression thickness with AGD. Methods A total of 400 females with breast X-ray digital mammography examination from July to September in 2014 were enrolled, which aged 21-72 years old with median age of 46 years old. A retrospective analysis was performed by Hologic Selenia Dimensions American full field digital mammography system, and automatic exposure control mode in 400 cases of breast photography. The relationship beween different breast types, different compression thickness and AGD was analyzed. Accorded to American Radiological Society of ACR typing, all of them were divided into 4 types included fat type, small glandular type, large glandular type and compact type. The SPSS 20.0 statistics software was used to study the AGD on different breast types and compression with different thickness of patients. Results Mammography AGD increased with breast thickness, which gradually increased from fat type, small glandular type, large glandular type to compact type. Conclusion It is demonstrated that breast AGD, breast compression thickness and different breast types are closely related, which could help to choose the exposure parameter optimization of actual conditions and obtain the best quality image with the lowest radiation dosage.