抗埃博拉期间利比里亚护理人员标准隔离防护相关知识、态度与行为调查

Knowledge,attitude and practice of standard isolation precautions:an investigation among nursing staffs during anti-Ebola mission in Liberia

目的了解抗埃博拉期间利比里亚护理人员标准隔离防护知识、态度和行为水平。方法以中国人民解放军援利医疗队所在的埃博拉治疗中心的利比里亚方护理人员为研究对象,采用基于国际标准隔离防护指南设计的《医护人员标准隔离防护知信行》英文量表,通过涵盖一般情况、标准隔离防护知识、态度及行为等32个条目的问卷对其进行调查,并采用Spearman相关分析检验标准隔离防护的知识、态度、行为3者之间的相关性。结果问卷由80名护理人员填写,有效回收率71.25%。其标准隔离防护知识、态度和行为的平均得分分别是(7.4±1.1)分、(36.4±4.6)分、(6.6±1.9)分。经Spearman相关系数检验,护理人员标准隔离防护的知识与态度、态度与行为间存在正向线性相关关系(P<0.05,P<0.01),而知识与行为间无明显相关关系。结论世界卫生援助机构对当地护理人员的埃博拉病毒病相关隔离防护实践培训,一定程度上提升了其隔离防护的行为水准。但由于缺乏系统的标准隔离防护理论培训,以及政府不能提供充足的隔离防护用品,利比里亚护理人员对标准隔离防护的态度仍存在一定的提升空间,这将影响国际援助撤离后利比里亚护理人员标准隔离防护的行为水平。

Objective To know about the levels of knowledge,attitude and practice of standard isolation precautions among nursing staffs during the anti-Ebola mission in Liberia.Methods The participants were Liberia nursing staffs working in the Ebola Treatment Center in Liberia,which was established by the medical team of the Chinese People＇s Liberation Army（PLA）.An English questionnaire was designed based on the international guidelines on standard isolation precautions,which includes 32 items including general situation,knowledge,attitude and practice on standard isolation precautions.The correlation among the knowledge,attitude and practice of standard isolation precautions was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results A total of 80 nursing staffs finished the questionnaires,with a valid rate of 71.25%.Their mean scores of knowledge,attitude and practice levels of standard isolation precautions were 7.4±1.1,36.4±4.6,and 6.6±1.9,respectively.Significant positive correlations were observed between knowledge and attitude（P〈0.05）,and practice and attitude（P〈0.01）,but not between knowledge and practice by Spearman correlation analysis.Conclusion The training programs on Ebola virus disease prevention provided by the international health aid organization have improved the isolation precaution behavior levels of the local nursing staffs.However,lack of theoretical training on standard isolation protection and poor supplies from the government lead to enhancement space for attitude improvement on standard isolation precautions in Liberian nursing staff,which may have an impact on the standard isolation precaution behaviors after the international aid staff leaving the country.