多种体育锻炼方式在提高我军援利埃博拉医护人员身心健康中的应用

Multiple physical exercises improving the physical and mental health of PLA medical staffs in Chinese Ebola Treatment Unit in Liberia

目的探讨多种体育锻炼方式对提高执行抗击埃博拉的医护人员身心健康的作用和效果。方法以中国人民解放军援利医疗队医护人员为研究对象,工作之余为队员组织、提供多种体育锻炼方式,并通过自行设计的问卷调查医护人员对多种体质增强模式在睡眠、情绪、恐惧、身体素质等方面的影响。结果医护人员认为多种体质增强模式能改善睡眠质量的占60.29%;认为能愉悦心情、缓解焦虑、增进食欲、增强身体素质和免疫力的占80%;对医疗队组织的多种体质增强模式满意的占76.47%;队员认为对改善情绪、增强体质第一重要的锻炼方式主要为跑步(25.00%),快走(21.88%),有氧操(17.19%)和羽毛球(17.19%)。一致性分析显示,乒乓球与跑步或快走间的Kappa值分别为0.333和0.381(P<0.01),足球与跑步间的Kappa值为0.340(P<0.01);除此以外其他锻炼方式对情绪的影响一致性较好。结论多种体育锻炼方式可提高抗击埃博拉医护人员的身心健康水平,其中以跑步、快走、有氧操和羽毛球等全身运动改善显著,对其圆满完成救治任务起到了积极作用,或可为今后执行其他重大任务救护人员开展体质增强工作提供借鉴。

Objective To investigate the effect of multiple physical exercises in improving the physical and mental health of PLA medical staffs in the Chinese Ebola Treatment Unit in Liberia.Methods The subjects were the Chinese medical staffs from People＇s Liberation Army who worked in the Chinese Ebola Treatment Unit in Liberia.The subjects were organized to participate in a variety of physical exercises during their stay in Liberia.And the effects of exercise on sleep,emotion,fear,physical quality of the subjects were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire.Results More than 60.29% of the medical staffs believed that multiple physical exercises could improve their sleep quality;more than 80% thought that it could bring joyful mood,relieve anxiety,improve appetite,and enhance the physical quality and immunity;and 76.47% appeared satisfied with the multiple physical exercises organized by the medical team.Running（25.00%）,fast walking（21.88%）,aerobic gymnastics（17.19%）and badminton（17.19%）in order were thought to be the most important exercises for improving the mood and physical fitness.The consistency analysis showed that the Kappa values between table tennis and running,walking were 0.333 and 0.381,respectively（P〈0.01）,and the Kappa value between football and running was 0.340（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Multiple physical exercise can improve the physical and mental health of medical staffs working in Chinese Ebola Treatment Unit in Liberia. Whole body exercises including running,walking,aerobics gymnastics and badminton have significant improvement effect,and they may be used to improve the physical health of staffs involved in other similar missions in the future.