鸡粪氨氮降解菌的分离鉴定及生物学特性研究

Isolation,Identification and Characterization of Ammonium-degrading Bacteria from Chicken Manure

以硫酸铵为唯一氮源,从发酵三天的肉鸡粪便中富集、分离、筛选出一株具有氨氮降解能力的酵母菌株,通过形态学观察、分子生物学鉴定以及生物化学法,鉴定菌株为皱落假丝酵母（Candida rugosa）,命名为Candida rugosa YSA。采用单因素试验设计,测定不同温度、p H、碳氮比（C/N）以及初始氨氮浓度对菌株生长和氨氮利用率的影响。结果表明该菌株最适生长温度为35℃,最适p H为3.0~7.0,氨氮降解最佳碳源为乙酸钠,C/N为20。菌株在氨氮负荷为100~1 200 mg/L的培养基中生长良好,表现出较好的氨氮降解能力,在富含高浓度氨氮养殖业粪污及其他行业污水治理领域具有潜在的应用价值。

A strain with the ability of ammonium degrading was isolated from chicken manure. It was identified as Candida rugosa according to its morphology, molecular biology and physiological and biochemical characteristics and named Candida rugosa YSA. Single factor experiments were conducted to identify its optimum removal conditions. The results showed that the optimal conditions for the growth and ammonium removal of YSA were 35 ℃, pH 3.0-7.0, and the best carbon source of of which was sodium acetate and carbon-nitrogen ratio was （C/N）20. YSA could performance well at various initial ammonium concentrations from 100 to 1 200 mg/L. It could be concluded that strain YSA has potential application value in poultry manure and sewage treatment field.