书画训练对精神分裂症住院患者康复效果的影响

Effects of graphic training on the rehabilitation outcome of hospitalized schizophrenia patients

目的：探讨书画训练对精神分裂症住院患者康复效果的影响。方法将72例精神分裂症患者随机分为两组，每组36例，均常规应用抗精神病药物治疗、常规护理干预及集体性心理干预，研究组在此基础上联合书画训练，观察3个月。于训练前后采用住院精神病人康复疗效评定量表评定康复效果，生活质量综合评定问卷评定生活质量。结果书画训练3个月后，两组住院精神病人康复疗效评定量表总分、工疗情况、生活能力、社交能力、讲究卫生和兴趣性因子分均较训练前显著下降（P＜0．01），研究组较对照组下降更显著（P＜0．05或0．01）；两组生活质量综合评定问卷评分除物质生活维度分与训练前比较差异无显著性外（P＞0．05），总分及其他维度分均较训练前显著升高（P＜0．01），研究组较对照组升高更显著（P＜0．01）。结论书画训练对促进精神分裂症患者的康复、增强社会功能、提高生活质量具有积极作用，值得推广应用。

Objective To explore the effect of graphic training on the rehabilitation outcome of hospital‐ized schizophrenia patients .Methods Seventy‐two schizophrenics were randomly divided into two groups of 36 ones each ,both groups received routine antipsychotic treatment ,routine nursing intervention and group psychotherapy ,on this basis research group was plus graphic training for 3 months .Before and after training rehabilitation outcomes were assessed with the Inpatient Psychiatric Rehabilitation Outcome Scale （IPROS） and qualities of life with the Generic Quality of Life Inventory‐74 （GQOLI‐74） .Results After 3 month training the total ,occupational therapy ,viability ,sociability ,hygiene and interest score of the IPROS of both groups lowered more significantly compared with pre‐training （P〈0 .01） ,so did those in research than in control group （P〈0 .05 or 0 .01）;except material life （P〉0 .05） the total and other fac‐tors scores of the GQOLI‐74 heightened more significantly （ P〈0 .01） ,so did those in research than in control group （P〈0 .01） .Conclusion Graphic training has a certain active role in promoting rehabilita‐tion and reinforcing social function and improving quality of life in schizophrenics and deserves generaliza‐tion and application .