马斯洛管理模式在住院慢性精神分裂症患者康复训练中的应用

Application of Maslow＇s management mode in rehabilitation training of hospitalized chronic schizophrenics

目的探讨马斯洛管理模式的实施对住院慢性精神分裂症患者康复效果的影响。方法将80例住院慢性精神分裂患者随机分为两组，每组40例。两组均接受常规抗精神病药物治疗、常规护理及康复训练，研究组在此基础上采用马斯洛管理模式开展康复训练，观察3个月。于训练前后采用阴性症状量表、护士用住院病人观察量表及住院患者康复疗效评定量表评定康复效果。结果训练后两组阴性症状量表、住院患者康复疗效评定量表评分均较训练前显著下降（P〈0．01），研究组较对照组下降更显著（P〈0．05或0．01）；研究组训练1个月起护士用住院病人观察量表评分较训练前显著升高（P〈0．01），且显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论马斯洛管理模式的实施有利于改善住院慢性精神分裂症患者的阴性症状，对提高患者社会适应能力，促进患者的全面康复具有积极作用。

Objective To explore the application of Maslow＇s management mode in rehabilitation training of hospitalized chronic schizophrenics. Methods Sixty chronic schizophrenics were randomly assigned to two groups of 40 ones each. Both groups received routine antipsychotic treatment, routine nursing and rehabilitation training, on this basis research group was plus rehabilitation training according to Maslow＇s management mode for 3 months. Rehabilitation outcomes were assessed with the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms （SANS）, Nurses＇ Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation （NOSIE） and Inpatient Psychiatric Rehabilitation Outcome Scale （IPROS） before and after treatment. Results After training the SANS and IPROS scores of both groups lowered more significantly compared with pretreatment （P〈0.01） , so did those in research than in control group （P〈0.05 or 0.01） ; the NOSIE score since the 1^st month training in research group heightened more significantly compared with pretreatment （P〈0.01）, so did those in research than in control group （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusion The implementation of Maslow＇s management mode is beneficial to the improvement of negative symptoms of hospitalized chronic schizophrenics, boost patients＇ social adaptation, and promote patients＇ comprehensive re habilitation.