马克思关于失业问题的内在机理分析

Analysis of Intrinsic Mechanism of Marx's Theory of Unemployment

长期以来,人们对马克思失业理论的认识仅仅局限于失业的一般原因、失业的地位和作用、失业人口的表现上,并误认为马克思缺乏失业问题的内在机理分析。然而,马克思不仅创立了失业问题的一般理论,还以手工纺纱生产部门采用机器生产为例,通过其对本部门上游、中游、下游的关联影响,论证了伴随着一个生产部门采用新的生产技术必然会推动相关生产部门也采用新的生产技术从而导致相对过剩人口的产生,这在事实上创立了失业问题的内在机理理论。马克思关于失业问题的内在机理理论为其一般理论提供了有力的理论支撑。

For a long time, people＂ s understanding to Marx s tneo,y t,,~ L,,~ viv： J the common causes of the unemployment, the status and role of the unemployment, the performance of the unem- ployed population. People mistakenly believe that Marx did not have the analysis of internal mechanism of the un- employment. However, Marx not only established the general theory of the unemployment problem but also analyzed the machine production. Through its impact on the upstream, midstream and downstream, Marx demonstrated that a production department using the new production technology will promote the related department also adopt new production technology. And that will lead to relative surplus population generation. Thus Marx created the theory of the intrinsic mechanism of the unemployment problem. The internal mechanism of Marx＇ s unemployment theory provides a strong theoretical support for his general theory.