日本囊对虾G1群体生长性状遗传参数估计

Genetic Parameters Estimation for Growth Traits of the G1 Marsupenaeus japonicus

采用自然交尾的方式,于2009年同期构建了30个日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)G1群体(第1世代选育群体)的全同胞家系,利用荧光体内标记技术进行家系标记后,在室外高位池混养至体质量(21.14±5.77)g时进行生长测定,每个家系随机挑选30尾个体测量其体长、体质量等生长性状.通过分析生长数据遗传变异的方差组分,计算遗传力、表型相关和遗传相关.结果显示:日本囊对虾G1群体体长的遗传力为0.43±0.11,体质量的遗传力为0.44±0.12.体长和体质量的表型相关为0.95±0.03,遗传相关为0.96±0.02,显著性统计检验的p值均小于0.001.结果表明:日本囊对虾体长、体质量生长性状的遗传力均属高遗传力,可采用家系选育结合家系内个体选择的方法来提高育种效果;体长、体质量高度遗传相关,可选择将体质量作为生长选育的重点性状,纳入综合选择指数中,结合抗逆性、存活率等性状,对生长性状进行选育改良,提高其生产性能.

Thirty full-sib families of kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus were constructed by group mating in door scaffolding shrimp pond. Subsequently, thirty individuals were randomly selected from each of these visible implant elastomer （VIE） tagged full- sib families after being cultured in higher-place ponds for 103 days. Body length and body weight were measured to estimate the ge- netic parameters for growth traits of the G1 population of M. japonicus. And then the heritability of body length and body weight, and the genetic and phenotypic correlation between body length and body weight were evaluated using an animal model and the re- stricted maximum likelihood method. Data showed that heritability for body length and body weight was 0.43 ± 0. 11 and 0.44 ± 0.12 , respectively. Genetic and phenotypic correlation between body length and body weight were 0.96 ± 0.02 and 0.95 ± 0.03, re- spectively. The statistical tests were significant （p〈0. 001）. To conclude, high heritability estimations for growth of M. japonicus demonstrated a potential for family based selection of growth traits in M. japonicus, and the high correlation between body length and body weight indicated each of them could be used as an index to integrate into the effectiveness traits to achieve genetic progress for a growth breeding scheme in M. japonicus.