薄壳山核桃警根瘤蚜的虫瘿发育过程分析

Auxology analysis of galls of Phylloxera notabilis on Carya illinoensis( Wangenh. )

警根瘤蚜在叶片表面形成虫瘿危害薄壳山核桃,笔者对其自然状态下虫瘿发育过程和变化特点进行了研究,结果表明:虫瘿通常呈椭圆球状,长>宽>高;初期是虫瘿发育较快的阶段,其生长与叶片的变化具有很高的正相关性;后期发育缓慢,虫瘿长、宽、高略微减小,体积也相应变小,长、宽还是呈线性变化,当虫瘿尺寸增加趋缓甚至减小时,虫瘿的发育与叶片的生长没有相关性。因此,针对警根瘤蚜前中期的防治关键是控制其种群数量。第4代成熟虫瘿中出瘿蚜虫有6种虫态,分别为雌性蚜、雄性蚜、无翅雌蚜1龄若虫、短翅雌蚜成虫、无翅雌蚜成虫和长翅雌蚜成虫,各虫态占出瘿蚜虫总量比例依次为68%、19%、5%、5%、2%、1%,由于无翅雌蚜成虫与长翅雌蚜成虫的比例较小,推测下一代虫瘿种群数量将会下降。

Galls of Phylloxera notabilis was found on the leaves of Caraya illinoensis. Under natural conditions, development process and changing characters of of Phylloxera notabiliss galls were analyzed.The results showed that galls was oval as a general rule, their length〉width〉height. The galls grew rapidly in the early days and interim. There was a very high growth correlation between the galls and leaves. In the later stage, the growth of galls was slow,their length,width, height and volume were slightly reduced,and the change of length and width were linear. When the size of galls increasd slowly or even decreasd,the development of galls had no correlation with the growth of leaves.Therefore,the prevention against Ph.notabilis of premetaphase is the key to control its population. There are six types of aphid worming out from the mature gall, including female aphid, male aphid, oneinstar larva of aplerism female aphid, the adult of short winds female aphid, the adult of aplerism female aphid and the adull of long winds female aphid and their proportion was 68%, 19%, 5%, 5%, 2%, 1% respectively. As the percentage of aplerism female aphid and long winds female aphid were low, the next generation of galls population will be reduced.