寒区居住区园林景观评价模型构建及应用

Construction and Application of Evaluation Model of Residential Landscape in Cold Areas

在总结寒区居住区园林景观建设和评价现状的基础上,对寒区居住区园林景观选取形式美、意境美、地域自然特征、活动场所丰富性、绿化覆盖率、物种多样性等17个指标构建了美学、特征、功能和生态效益评价模型,分别运用照片评分法、居民调查表法、实地调查收集数据法对其进行评价;运用AHP-模糊综合评判法构建了综合评价模型;并以哈尔滨市3个典型的居住区为例进行了评价应用。结果表明,3个小区的综合评价结果处于中上水平,其中美学和特征评价结果稍差。在评价结果基础上针对寒区居住区园林景观存在的具体问题提出了意见和建议。

Based on summarizing the construction and evaluation situation of the residential landscape in cold areas, models for evaluating aesthetics, characteristics, functions and ecological benefits of the residential landscape were established by choosing indicators such as formal beauty, artistic conception beauty, regional natural characteristics, richness for outdoor activities, green coverage, and species diversity, etc. The landscapes were practically assessed by photo grading, issuing questionnaires to residents, and collec- ting field survey data, respectively. The comprehensive evaluation model was constructed via AHP-Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method. And this model was applied to 3 typical residential areas in Harbin. The results indicated that all were in upper levels, except that the aesthetic and characteristic levels were a little bit poor. Some opinions and suggestions were put forward against the specific problems existing in the construction of residential landscape in cold areas.