教育质量“资本化”对住房价格的影响——基于成都市武侯区小学学区房的实证分析

The Effect of Education Quality Capitalization on Housing Prices Based on Empirical Analysis of Elementary School District of Wuhou District in Chengdu

近年来,随着国家"就近入学"政策的不断深化和家长对优质教育质量的持续诉求,"以房择校"成为家庭教育投资的新特点。本文基于成都市武侯区二手房的截面数据,构建特征价格模型,通过实证分析得出两个结论:一是教育质量的"资本化"已经部分体现在住房出售价格上,但对租金影响并不明显。二是教育质量的差异导致了学区房溢价呈现片区化的差距。此外,入学资格逐渐成为衡量家庭整体幸福感和核心竞争力的重要指标。而学区房背后隐含的其实是"阶层固化"的社会结构的板结和"富者越富,贫者越贫"的马太效应的加剧。

In recent years, with the deepening of the nearby enrollment policy and parents＇ pursuit for continu- ing education quality, buying houses in school district has become new characteristic of family education invest- ment. Based on cross- sectional data of the secondary houses in wuhou district, Chengdu, the paper has built a hedonic price model. Through empirical analysis, two conclusions are made. One is education quality ＂capitalizatio＂ is partially reflected in the selling price of houses while not in the renting price. The other is that differences in education quality has aroused differences in the district housing premium. In addition, ad- mission has gradually become a measure of family well- being and its core competitiveness. While behind the school district houses is class ＂curing＂ of social structure and the aggravation of the Matthew effect ＂the rich get richer and the poor get poorer＂.