社区老年体检人群心电图异常特点及相关影响因素分析

Study on characteristics and risk factors of major abnormal electrocardiogram in community elderly population

目的分析社区老年人心电图异常特点，并探讨其相关影响因素。方法收集2014年1月—2014年8月绵阳市第三人民医院进行健康体检的社区老年人的体检资料，统计异常心电图检出率及分布类型，采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响社区老年人心电图异常的危险因素。结果2160例社区老年正常心电图1509例（69．9％），心电图异常65I例（30．1％）。心电图异常的男性比例高于正常心电图老人中男性比例（62．2％VS31．7％，P〈0．01）；心电图异常老人平均年龄（73．9±7．1）岁，高于正常心电图老人的（65．1±6．3）岁，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。多因素分析显示，性别（OR=7．156）、冠心病（OR=8．917）、年龄（OR=2．210）、高血压（OR=2．904）、心血管疾病家族史（OR=3．377）是社区老年人心电图异常独立危险因素。结论社区老年人群心电图异常的患病率较高，性别、冠心病、年龄、高血压、心血管疾病家族史是社区老年人发生心电图异常的主要影响因素。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of major abnormal electrocardiogram in community elderly population and to explore related risk factors. Methods Medical information of elderly people from January 2014 to August 2014 were collected for analysis of abnormal electrocardio- gram （ECG） detection rate and distribution types. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used for risk factors of major abnormal ECG. Results Out of 2 160 cases of the elderly people observed, 1 509 cases （69.9%） with normal ECG and 651 cases with abnormal ECG （30.1%）. There was sig- nificant difference in sex distribution between elderly people with normal ECG normal and with abnor- mal ECG （62.2% vs. 31.7% , P 〈0.01 ）. The average age of old people with abnormal electrocardi- ogram was significantly higher than that of with normal ECG [ （73.9 ±7.1） aged vs. （65.1 ±6.3）, P 〈0.01 ]. Multivariate analysis showed that gender （OR = 7. 156） and coronary heart disease （OR = 8. 917 ）, age （ OR = 2. 210 ）, hypertension （ OR = 2. 904） , family history of cardiovascular disease （ OR = 3.377） were independent risk factors of abnormal electrocardiogram. Conclusion Abnormal ECG among the elderly in community has a high prevalence, which is associated with gender, age, hy- pertension, coronary heart disease, family history of cardiovascular disease .