玻璃体腔内注射抗血管内皮生长因子治疗特发性脉络膜新生血管的效果及护理

Effect and nursing on treatment of idiopathic choroidal neovascularization by intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs

目的：总结玻璃体腔注射抗血管内皮生长因子（ VEGF）治疗特发性脉络膜新生血管患者的临床疗效及护理方法。方法2011年1月—2013年5月对36例（36眼）特发性脉络膜新生血管进行玻璃体腔注射贝伐单抗、雷珠单抗等VEGF药物。术前有针对性对患者进行心理护理,做好术前、术后护理及疾病健康指导。结果36例患者心理状态稳定,很好地配合治疗和护理。随访8~96周,所有患者术后视力1周后开始提高,4周后趋于稳定,末次随访1例视力无提高但症状改善。结论玻璃体腔注射抗VEGF能使脉络膜新生血管迅速消退,较快提高视力,缩短病程。术前做好患者的心理护理,加强术后护理、健康指导,可以提高患者依从性。

Objective To research the clinical efficacy and nursing on treatment of idiopathic choroidal neovascularization by intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs. Methods From January 2011 to May 2013, a total of 36 cases of idiopathic choroidal neovascularization were given intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs. Psychological care was used to eliminate patients′tension and fear, and to establish the confidence of overcoming the disease. Preoperative and postoperative care and disease health guidance were given to patients. Results 36 patients had stable psychological state and could coordinate well with treatment and care. During the 8 to 96 weeks follow up, all patients′ vision had begun to improve after 1 week, and stabilized after 4 weeks. Conclusions Intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF treatment can subside choroidal neovascularization quickly, and improve vision rapidly, and significantly shorten the recovery course. Good psychological care of patients before surgery, enhancing patients′postoperative care and health guidance could shorten the course of disease, and improved the quality of nursing service.