西藏草地有毒植物分布调查

Research progress on the distribution of main poisonous plants on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

采用文献收集和实地调查结合的方法对西藏草地有毒植物的种类、生态分布进行了调查分析。结果表明,西藏草地有毒植物共计178种,分属51科,113属;其中冰川棘豆(Oxytropis Glacialis)、毛瓣棘豆(O.Sericopetala)、茎直黄芪(Astragaluo Strictus)、直立黄芪(A.absurgens)、狼毒(Stellera Chamaejasme)、伏毛铁棒锤(Acontium flavum)、露蕊乌头(A.gymnanodrum)、工布乌头(A.kongboense)、铁棒锤(A.pendulum)等有毒植物的分布较广、危害较大。并针对西藏草地主要有毒植物防治方法及利用价值进行定位,提出了牧民认知-放牧管理-毒草监测-开发利用四位一体的毒草防治利用及生态保护对策。

The main poisonous plants distributed in Tibet were surveyed.The results showed that there were178 poisonous plant species,which belonged to 51 families and 113 genuses.In which,Oxytropis glacialis,O.Sericopetala,Astragaluo strictus,A.absurgens,Stellera chamaejasme,Acontium flavum,A.gymnanodrum,A.kongboense and A.pendulum widely distributed and threatened.In terms of control and utilization of the poisonous plants,the related suggestions（recognizing,grazing management,poisonous plant monitoring and utilization）were provided.