广西环江毛南族自治县嗜人按蚊残存分布区2000-2014年疟疾监测分析

Analysis on malaria surveillance in Anopheles anthropophagus remaining distribution zone of Huan- jiang Maonan Autonomous County during 2000-2014

目的分析环江毛南族自治县（简称环江县）2000--2014年疟疾控制后期疟疾发病特点，评价控制措施和防治效果．为调整疟舫措施提供科学依据。方法收集2000--2014年环江县本地发热患者、疟疾病灶点居民、流动人13发热患者和非发热患者疟疾监测以及网络直报病例等资料，采用描述性流行病学方法对其进行描述和分析．流动人13发热患者与当地居民疟疾感染差异采用卡方检验。采用间接免疫荧光法（indirectimmunofluoreseenceassay．IFA）检测居民疟疾血清抗体。结果2000—2014年。环江县嗜人按蚊分布区共监测本地发热患者217524人次．病灶点居民7182人次。流动人13发热患者1701人次，流动人13非发热人群7730人次，4类人群疟原虫阳性率依次为0．02％（38／217524）、0．03％（2／7182）、1．71％（29／1701）和0（0／7730）。共检出疟疾患者69例，其中本地感染病例占57．97％（40／69），流动人口输入性病例占42．03％（29／69）。2000--2014年共捕获蚊虫43387只，其中中华按蚊占98．06％（42545／43387）；嗜人按蚊占0．89％（282／43387），2010--2014年未发现嗜人按蚊。重点人群IFA抗体阳性率仅为0．13％（2／1488）。结论2006年起。环江县未检出本地传播病例和输入继发病例．疟疾发病以境外输入性病例为主，为如期实现广西消除疟疾目标．应加强对外出非洲和东南亚地区务工返回人员疟疾管理和监测．及时发现和有效治疗输入性传染源。

Objective To analyze the epidemic of malaria and evaluate the result of malaria control in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County from 2000 to 2014, so as to provide scientific basis for drawing up and adjusting effective malaria control at the late-stage of malaria control. Methods The data of malaria report- ing system, malaria surveillance and anopheles vector monitoring from 2000 to 2014 were collected and ana- lyzed with descriptive epidemiology method. The malaria antibody in serum was examined in local residents with indirect immunofluorescence assay （IFA）. Results A total of 217 524, 7 182, 1 702 and 7 730 slides in local residents, focus residents, febrile patients of mobile population and no fever cases of mobile population was examined. The average positive rates of blood examination were 0.02%, 0.03%, 1.71% and 0, respectively. A total of 69 malaria cases were reported, including 40 local malaria cases and 29 imported cases. There were no local malaria cases from 2006 to 2014. A total of 43 387 adult anopheles was captured within the 15 years of surveillance. An. sinensis was the predominant mosquito species accounting for 98.06% （42 545/43 387） and An. autropophagus accounted for 0.65% （282/43 387）. There was no An. antropophagus found since 2010. The positive rate of IFA in focus residents was 0.13%（2/1 488）. Conchlsion There were no indigenous malaria cases and secondary cases since 2006 and no An. antropophagus was captured during 2010--2014. The imported malaria case from oversea is dominated in Huanjiang County . In order to achieve the goal of malaria elimination in Huanjiang County on schedule, it needs to strengthen monitoring, diagnosis, and treat- ment of imported malaria case among overseas workers from the malaria prevalent areas in Africa and south- east Asian countries.