《金色耶路撒冷》中的原型伦理与神话复魅

Ethical Archetype and Re-Enchantment in Jerusalem the Golden

原型改写及其价值僭越功能作为强调多元异质、反叛正统的后现代认知方式,在逐渐右转的当代西方社会已显示出作为问题性存在的狭隘与偏激,多部倡导复归神话与童话所蕴藏的整体、确定性、权威等传统伦理维度的英国当代文学作品由此回归人们的视阈,玛格丽特·德拉布尔的《金色耶路撒冷》即其中之一。本文从伦理学和原型批评的双重视阈分析主人公克拉拉如何采用宗教伪文字主义和童话魔幻变调的原型改写策略为自我实现寻找合理性依据,最终却陷入伦理物质化和理性伦理的成长悲剧,以及前景化政治正确性认知下对神话中"意识形态"的过度阐释,进而揭示原型伦理和神话复魅在重建精神性存在及情感价值上的当下意义。

Archetype rewriting and its function of value transgression,emphasizing postmodern cognitive style of diversity and heterogeneity,rebellion against orthodoxy,are found as having the defects of narrowness and extremity in the right-turning Western society.The dimension of traditional ethics of wholeness,certainty and authority characterized in myths and fairy tales reappears in many literary works of contemporary British writers,among which Margaret Drabble's Jerusalem the Goldendeserves our particular attention.From the dual-perspectives of ethics and archetypal criticism,this paper analyses how Clara,the heroine,pursues the justification for her self-assertion by rewriting archetypes in the forms of religional pseudo-literalism and demonic modulation of fairy tales,but finally falls into the moral tragedy of material ethics and rational ethics.It foregrounds the politically imposed over-interpretation of 'ideology' in archetype,and reveals the significance of reconstructing contemporary spiritual and emotional values of ethical archetypes and its re-enchantment.