脆弱与承认:论巴特勒的非暴力伦理

On Butler's Ethics of Non-Violence

朱迪斯·巴特勒虽素以性别理论著称,但近年来她的学术思考已逐渐从抽象的哲学推理转向实践哲学的两个分支,即政治学和伦理学。这种转向既与9.11事件以后的全球政治局势密切相关,更与巴特勒一直探问的"什么是人?什么样的生命算是生命?"这一哲学问题息息相关。通过解读巴特勒对脆弱和政治选择关系的思考,本文认为,巴特勒在后9.11时期思考的核心问题是如何从根本上重新构想主体与他者的关系,从而避免暴力的发生。基于公共领域复杂的国际政治关系,巴特勒提出的非暴力伦理一如既往地体现了她对边缘群体的深切关怀。

Though most renowned for her gender theory,Judith Butler recently shifts her academic thinking from abstract philosophical reasoning to politics and ethics,two branches of practical philosophy.Such political and ethical turn is not only due to the gloomy international political situation after 9/11,but is more related to her lifelong philosophical concern:What is a human?What kind of life is livable?By analyzing her contemplation on the relationship between precariousness and political choice,this essay argues that Butler's key concern in the post-9/11 era is how we should reconstruct the relationship between subject and others so as to avoid violence.Based on the complicated international political relations,Butler's non-violence ethics evinces her great concern over the marginalized.