“培根问题”及其诠释学意涵

“The Problem of Bacon”and its Hermeneutic Implications

"培根问题"是波普尔在批判培根经验论及其"偏见"观的基础上首次提出的。波普尔不仅将内涵于培根哲学中"偏见"与"观察证实理论"的矛盾、冲突称为"培根问题",而且经由对传统"观察证实理论"的颠覆性分析,提出并系统论证了与培根不同的、旨在通过正面肯定理论或"偏见"对"观察证实理论"的作用、强调"一切观察都是按照某种理论对事实的解释",从而消解理论与经验观察之矛盾、冲突的方法。波普尔关于"培根问题"的提出及其解决,无不与其哲学内涵有丰富的诠释学思想密切相关。

＂The Problem of Bacon＂ is proposed by Popper based on the criticism of Bacon＇s empiricism and the view of ＂Prejudice＂ .Popper not only calls the conflict between ＂Prejudice＂ and the theory of confirmation by observa- tions as ＂The Problem of Bacon＂ which lies in Bacon＇s philosophy, but also persists in the solution of ＂pure observa- tion＂, which is directed against Bacon＇s theory that we should clear everything in our minds, and demonstrates systemat- ically the positive function of ＂Prejudice＂, that is, we may achieve a consistent solution between theory and observation through the demonstration that all observations are the factual interpretations in accordance with some theory. The propo- sition and solution of ＂The Problem of Bacon＂ explicates the thought of the historicity of understanding in a specific way, which enriches and expands the research western epistemology, and has a profound impact on？the development of hermeneutics at the same time.