上构与下延:英国中等教育和高等教育衔接的课程体系探析

A Study on the Articulation of Curriculum System between the Secondary Education and the Tertiary Education in Britan

课程作为教育的载体是中高等教育衔接的重要一环。上构与下延是英国中高等教育阶段课程衔接的主要思路。中等教育机构实施"上构型"的课程设计,在课程范畴上提供多元的选择科目,考虑不同学生的学习兴趣,在课程内容上强调学科的专业性和前沿性,让学生提前体验精深专业学科学习的智识挑战与激励,在课程实施中关注学生的研究能力和专业素质,为高等教育的深造提供方法论支撑,引入拓展课程体系,提升学生的综合素质与能力;高等教育机构实施"下延型"的课程设计,降低本科一年级课程难度并增加补救性课程,开设旨在促进学生从高中到大学过渡的衔接性课程,在过渡期维系高中阶段的学习方式与内容渐进性并进一步提升学生分析与解决问题的能力。

The articulation of the second education and the tertiary education is be- coming more and more important in the context of widening participation and lifelong learn- ing. Curriculum system is a key link of the transition from second education to tertiary edu- cation. An upward movement and downward extension are the main design approaches of the Curriculum system in the transition process. The Secondary education institutions makes an upward movement in the curriculum implementation which contain several specif- ic strategies such as providing a lots of elective courses that meet all kinds need of student. Emphasizing expertise of curriculum content and academic frontier and then producing in- tellectual challenge and learning motivation. Concentrating curriculum purpose on stu- dents research ability and providing methodological support for academic research. The higher education institutions makes an downward movement in the curriculum design which contain several specific strategies such as reducing the curriculum difficulty in first under- graduate year and offering remedial courses to promote the transition from high school to university. Improving the students＇ ability of analyzing and resolving the problems and maintaining learning style stability in the transition period. There are many drawbacks in the transition from the second education to the tertiary education.