中药山慈菇品种来源的沿革

Evolution of the origin of strain of Shancigu （ Rhizoma Pleionis ）

中药山慈菇始载于《本草拾遗》。唐宋时期本草文献对其形态描述过于简单，导致药用品种来源不明确，可能为杜鹃兰和老鸦瓣等；明清至民国时期中药山慈菇品种来源为老鸦瓣；民国时期山慈菇药材加工方式改变，进而出现光慈姑之名；近代中药山慈菇品种来源变为杜鹃兰、独蒜兰、云南独蒜兰，而老鸦瓣则成为中药光慈姑的基原植物。梳理山慈菇品种来源发现，惟有老鸦瓣药用基原明确，药用历史最长，建议恢复老鸦瓣作为中药山慈菇的品种来源。

Shancigu （Rhizome Pleionis ） was first recorded in the Ben cao shiyi （Supplements to Chinese Materia Medica）. The source of the strain of this medicinal was unclear because of its too simple description in the medical books in the Tang and Song dynasties. Its original plant could be Cremastra appendiculata （ D. Don） Makino, Tulipa edulis （ Miq. ） Baker and so on. The original plant of Shanciguwas Tulipaedulis since the Ming dynasty to the Republican period. The name of ＂Guangcigu＂ began to appear in the Republican period because of the changes of its processing method. The original plants evolved into Cremastra appendiculata, Pleione bulbocodioides （Franch.） Rolfe and Pleione yunnanensis Rolfe, with Tulipa edulisas the original plant of Guangcigu （Bulbus of Tulipasedulis）. It is found that only the Tulipaedulis is the unequivocal origin with the longest medicinal history through sorting out of the original plants of Shancigu. Hence, it is suggested that Tulipa edulis should be recovered as the original strain of Shancigu.