1955-2014年邹城市疟疾防治成效与经验

Prevention and treatment of malaria in Zoucheng city during 1955-2014:effect and experience

目的:了解1955-2014年邹城疟疾流行概况,评价疟防成果,探讨疟疾防治工作经验。方法:回顾邹城市60年来疟疾防治历程,阐述不同年代和不同发病时期所采取的防制措施、成效及经验教训。结果:邹城市1970年代前间日疟高度流行,疟疾年均发病率在108/万以上,经过实施消灭传染源为主的综合性疟防措施,发病率自1979年控制在1/万以下,1985年后一直控制在1/10万以下,2008年后无当地感染疟疾病例发生。其防治历程可分为现症病人治疗、重点调查及防治试点研究、控制流行与降低发病率、巩固防治成果、消除疟疾5个阶段,每个阶段均采用相应的防治措施并积累了疟防经验。结论:60年的防治措施和经验为消除疟疾奠定了良好基础,取得了显著成效,2010年后的监测结果表明邹城已达到消除疟疾的目标,今后须加强对流动人口的健康指导,建立多部门协作机制,及时发现输入性疟疾病人的救治和处置,巩固消除疟疾工作成果。

Objective To explore the epidemic situation of malaria in Zoucheng from 1955 to 2014,to evaluate the achievements in malaria prevention and control,and to summarize the experience of malaria control.Methods Malaria control and prevention in Zoucheng city in the past 60 years were retrospectively analyzed,including the preventive measures,effect and experience in different periods.Results Before 1970 s,vivax malaria was highly popular in Zoucheng city with an average incidence rate of 108/ten thousand.After the implementation of comprehensive malaria preventive measures of infection source elimination,the incidence rates of malaria were controlled within 1/ten thousand since1979,10/million after 1985 and there was no local infection after 2008.The control process could be divided into 5stages including acute cases treated,major investigation and pilot study of prevention,epidemic control and incidence reduction,consolidation of the achievements and elimination of malaria,each of which adopted corresponding measures of prevention and treatment and relative experience was summed up.Conclusions Sixty years of preventive measures and experience laid a good foundation for the elimination of malaria,which has achieved remarkable results.The monitoring data after 2010 show that the goal of eliminating malaria in Zoucheng has been achieved,and such achievements will be consolidated by strengthening health instruction to the floating population,establishing multidepartment cooperation mechanism and treating imported cases of malaria in time.