GM-CSF在肿瘤免疫治疗中的作用最新研究进展

Progress in anti-tumor immunotherapy of GM-CSF

粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor,GM-CSF)是一种能够刺激骨髓细胞形成中性粒细胞集落和巨噬细胞集落,增强粒细胞、单核细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞杀菌、抗肿瘤作用的免疫细胞因子。研究表明,GMCSF可作为肿瘤疫苗的免疫佐剂提高肿瘤疫苗的免疫原性,增强疫苗的免疫调节作用且其毒性低,故成为目前研究热门的免疫佐剂,已经广泛应用于临床疾病的治疗。但近年来有报道表明,GM-CSF用于癌症患者治疗时出现了免疫抑制作用,而且肿瘤源性GM-CSF在机体内也发现有免疫抑制效应,因此,GM-CSF的作用机制及其作为肿瘤疫苗佐剂是否安全有待进一步探讨。本文就GM-CSF在肿瘤中的免疫效应最新研究进展作一综述。

Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor（GM-CSF） is a kind of immune cytokines, which can stimulate bone marrow cells to differentiate into a neutral granulocyte colony or macrophage colony and enhance the germicidal and anti-tumor effects of granulocytes, monocytes and eosinophils. It has been showed that GM-CSF can be used as a kind of adjuvant to improve the immunogenicity and immunological regulation of tumor vaccines with low toxicity, so now it has become a research hotspot and has been widely used in clinical. However,in recent years, several studies report that GM-CSF shows the immunosuppressive effect when it is used for the treatment of cancer patients, and tumor-derived GM-CSF is also found to has an immunosuppressive effect.Therefore, it still needs further clarification for the immunologic mechanism of GM-CSF in tumors and the safety as a kind of adjuvant of tumor vaccines. Herein, we review the latest research progress for the immune effects of GMCSF in tumor treatment.