环境法视野中的环境义务研究述评

Research Progress and Prospects about the Environmental Legal Obligation

关于环境义务的研究缘起于环境权的困境。环境义务的研究从一开始就针对环境法的本位问题与环境权展开了激烈的争论,并一直延续到环境保护法的修订过程中。义务本位论获得的支持越来越多。已有的环境义务研究多从主体角度展开,并集中于政府环境义务。关于企业环境义务的研究突破不大,关于公民环境义务的研究则集中于消费者角色。无论何种立场,国家在环境义务中承担主要角色是普遍的呼声。相对而言,关于环境义务的研究还处于初级阶段,需要更多的理论深化。

It was because of the environmental right？？s dilemma that environmental legal obligation the-ory emerged. From the beginning,obligation theory argues with the right theory about the base of the environmental law. That debate continues when the environmental law is revised. Although the “obli-gation base”is gaining more and more support nowadays,the study on the environmental legal obliga-tion pays more attention to the subjects,especially the government than the enterprises and the indi-viduals. Comparatively speaking,studies on the environmental legal obligation are still at an initial stage,and therefore more theoretical deepening is needed.