农村地区室内空气质量与呼吸系统疾病的相关性分析

Correlation of Indoor Air Quality with Respiratory Diseases in Rural Areas

目的调查荆门市农村地区室内火炉对空气质量的影响,以及与呼吸系统疾病的相关性。方法对荆门市东宝区432名因呼吸系统疾病入院的农村患者进行问卷调查,筛选出家中使用火炉的210名患者为研究对象,分析火炉使用情况与呼吸系统疾病的相关性。再随机抽样对42名符合条件的研究对象作为实验组,另按照入选标准选择本区40名健康志愿者作为对照组,分别对两组家庭进行室内空气质量检测。结果使用煤炭为燃料的火炉与呼吸系统疾病密切相关;火炉累计使用的时间与呼吸系统疾病呈正相关(P<0.05)。另外火炉使用导致室内空气质量受到影响,湿度降低,细菌总数及悬浮颗粒数显著增加(P<0.05),尤其是煤炭火炉。结论火炉使用过程中会使得空气质量受到影响,与呼吸系统疾病密切相关,尤其是煤炭火炉危害较大。

Objective To investigate the influence of heating in the inside of a room on the indoor air quality,and to explore the correlation of indoor air quality with respiratory diseases. Methods The investigation was carried out by questionnaire in 432 patients hospitalized for respiratory diseases,these patients were residents in Dongbao district,the rural area of Jingmen City; and 210 patients were selected as subjects of the study to analyze the correlation of using stove for heating and respiratory diseases. The indoor air quality of 42 patients and 40 healthy volunteers,matched with conditions and selected by random sampling,were tested. Results There was a close correlation between using coal for heating and respiratory diseases. The cumulative time of using coal for heating was also correlated with respiratory diseases（ P〈0. 05）. Moreover,the air quality was influenced by heating in living room; the humidity was decreased,the total bacteria counts and the suspended particulates were increased significantly,especially under the condition of using coal for heating（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusions The indoor air quality could be influenced by heating in the inside of a room; and there was a close correlation between the indoor air quality and respiratory diseases,especially the harm of using coal for heating in the inside of living room.