2008-2010年我国4个地区HBsAg快检阴性献血者HBV流行率和新发率分析

Investigation on the HBV prevalence and incidence rate among HBsAg rapid testing negative blood donors at four Chinese regions,2008-2010

目的了解我国不同地区HBsAg快检阴性献血者的HBV流行率、新发率,以综合评估HBV在献血者中的流行情况。方法收集2008年1月-2010年12月昆明、乌鲁木齐、洛阳和柳州4地血站720 885(人)次献血者人口统计学资料、2轮第3代ELISA HBs Ag初筛和确证数据,分别计算初次献血者和重复献血者的HBV流行率,利用文献报道的新发率评估模型,评估重复献血者的新发率。结果 3年间本组4地献血者HBV流行率:0.35%(1 518/435 786)(初次献血者)/0.014%(77/285 099)(重复献血者),其中昆明为0.24%(454/187 540)/0.015%(24/163640)、乌鲁木齐0.52%(463/89 309)/0.022%(22/100 208)、洛阳0.18%(171/94 654)/0.009%(15/175 797)、柳州0.67%(430/64 283)/0.013%(16/124 282);4地重复献血者中的HBV感染总体新发率为1.24‰。结论 4地献血者具有较高的HBV新发率,需采用更灵敏的第4代ELISA试剂和核酸检测,降低4地HBV对血液安全的影响。

Objective To analyze the prevalence and incidence rate of HBV among HBsAg rapid testing negative blood donors at four Chinese regions （Kunming, Urumqi, Luoyang and Liuzhou） from January 2008 to December 2010. Methods The outcomes of parallel screening with the third generation ELISA kits and confirmatory testing results were collected from 720885 donations. The prevalence rates on first and repeat donors were calculated, as well as the incidence rates using the reported incidence evaluation model. Results During the study period, the overall prevalence rates among first and repeat donors were 0. 35% and 0. 014%, among which, the rates （first -time donors/repeat donors） in Kunming, Urumqi, Luoyang and Liuzhou were 0. 24%/0. 015%, 0. 52%/0. 022%, 0. 18%/0. 009% and 0. 67%/0. 013% respectively. The overall HBV incidence rate on repeat donors was 124 per 100 000 donations. Conclusion Relative high HBV incidence rates from these four regions may lead to high HBV transfusion residual risk, and the implementation of fourth generation ELISA screening assays and NAT testing are expected to reduce the impact of HBV on blood safety in China.