浸浴条件下孔雀石绿对鳜鱼毒性效应的初步研究

Toxicity Effects on Siniperca Chuatsi under Bathing Condition with Malachite Green

以鳜鱼为试验对象,在水温10±0.5℃,不间断充氧条件下,以5 mg/L的孔雀石绿溶液浸泡鳜鱼120 min,再将其转入水泥池中微流水饲养,研究用药前后孔雀石绿对鳜鱼机体组织的毒性效应。结果表明,孔雀石绿药浴前后,鳜鱼的血液细胞、背肌及腹肌组织和肠道细胞在形态上均与对照组鳜鱼无明显差异,只是红细胞在细胞数量及密度水平上以及肠道杯状细胞数量与对照组有所不同;随着药浴时间的延长,鳜鱼体表粘液增加,上表皮层炎症细胞增多,鳃丝肿胀,充血加重,肾脏和脾脏充血,出现轻微水肿,但这些症状在停药微流水饲养1～2 d后逐步恢复正常;同时,鳜鱼肝脏的变化较显著,表现为充血,出现轻微肿胀,肝细胞间隙增大,排列紊乱,部分肝细胞空泡化、细胞质分布不均匀以及细胞核异位、固缩,微流水饲养4～8 d后症状才逐渐好转。这表明肝脏组织是孔雀石绿及其代谢物的主要靶器官。

This paper studied the toxicity effects on the body tissues of siniperca chuatsi before and after under the bathing condition of10 ±0.5℃ temperature and uninterrupted oxygenation with 5 mg/L malachite green for 120 minutes. The results showed that, Firstly,compared with the control group before and after the bathing condition, there were no significant differences in blood cells, back muscle,abdominal muscle and intestinal tissue cells in the aspect of cell morphology, while only had some differences in red cells number and density levels and goblet cells number of intestinal tract tissues. Secondly, with the increasing of bathing time, the skin mucus and the epidermis inflammatory cells increased, the gills presented congestion aggravating and swelling, and the kidney together with the spleen of siniperca chuatsi appeared congestion and slight swelling which returned to normal gradually after the termination of bathing and breeding for 1 ～2 d by micro flowing water. In addition, the liver of siniperca chuatsi appeared congestion, slight swelling, cell gaps increasing,arranged in disorder, partial liver cells vacuolation, uneven distribution of cytoplasm, nuclear dystopia and pyknosis. After the termination of bathing, it needed 4～8 d to return to normal gradually by micro flowing water breeding. In summary, the study of toxicity effects on siniperca chuatsi under bathing condition with malachite green showed that the liver is the main target organ.