策略的心理起因及其认知基础和社会约制

Psychological Cause of Strategy and Its Cognitive Basis and Social Constraints

策略作为主体智慧的结构成分和一种较高层次的工具性知识,在社会生活和各个实践领域发挥重要而复杂的作用。在策略实施过程中,人们总是抱有一定的目的性和计划性,并按照节省时间、提高效率的原则,对方法、手段、措施进行选择和组合,力求最佳、有效。从总体上看,策略的生成与主体的智力水平、知识结构有关,还需要主体借鉴外在知识经验,同时贵在实践锻炼。不过,为使策略及其运用具有社会正当性、符合价值判断,在运用策略之前,必须充分考虑到社会习俗、道德伦理、行业规范、法律等社会约制,必须致力于调整价值观,并提高社会和个人的理性化程度与信任水平。

Strategy,as the main structural component of wisdom and a higher level of instrumental knowledge,plays an important and complex role in various areas of social life and practice.The meaning of its social function depends on the nature itself and the legitimacy and rationality of its purpose,which serves as the bridge and link for cognitive results transforming to practical program.On the whole,the generation of strategy relates to the subject＇s intelligence,and draws on his external knowledge and experience as well,with practice as the core.However,the legitimacy and value judgment in the use of strategy must fully consider social constraints,such as social customs,ethics,industry norms and law and make efforts to adapt values and improve social and personal rationality and credibility.