论大学精神的属性及其在预期社会化中的作用——兼论大学精神的培养与构建

On College Spirit's Attributes and the Function to Anticipate Socialization——Discussion on College Spirit Training and Building

大学精神是大学文化的核心组成部分,其中蕴含着一所大学所特有的教育价值观。它具有三种属性:呈现自我的个体性、理念传承的历史性、超越时代的发展性。大学精神在大学生预期社会化过程中,既具有一般作用,即价值导向作用、行为与道德规范作用、激励与鼓舞作用,又具有特殊作用,即可以积累或获得法国社会学家皮埃尔·布迪厄所说的文化资本与社会资本。大学精神的缺失已经严重影响到我国高等教育质量的进一步提升,必须依照大学精神的属性和文化的结构特征重塑不同类型高等院校的大学精神,从文化的器物层、制度层、理念层对大学精神进行系统的培养与构建。

University spirit is the core part of university culture and it contains the unique education value of the university.University spirit has three kinds of attributes：individuality,inheritance of the history concept and development beyond times.University spirit not only has the general function to anticipate socialization of college students such as standard function,value oriented function and motivating function but also has the special function helping accumulate and obtain cultural capital and social capital as proposed by French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu.The university spirit deficiency has the serious influence on enhancing the higher education in China.We must reshape the University spirit according to the university spirit attribute and the culture structure characteristics,developing and constructing university spirit from the cultural material layer,institution layer and concept layer.