《诗经》中动植物名称的隐喻英译研究

The Studies on the English Translation of the Metaphor of Names of Animals and Plants in The Book of Poetry

认知语境是人们根据头脑中已经存在的经验对外部世界里的事物进行认知后产生的结果。隐喻则是人们根据头脑中已有的某件事和经验来理解、判断和认知另一件事或经验的一种特殊的思维方式。因此,对隐喻的正确理解最重要的依据是基于认知语境基础上的。对隐喻的翻译则是一个更为复杂的结构,因此要正确地进行隐喻翻译,就要寻求双方共有的认知语境以便理解和掌握话语中的真实含义,以期得到最成功的翻译结果。《诗经》三百篇中描写了许多动植物形象,这些形象都是作者进行诗歌创作时运用隐喻思维的产物,对隐喻的理解不当,就会使译文产生偏差。目前,《诗经》已被翻译成多种语言,译者的认知语境情况对翻译活动以及翻译文本都存在着不容忽视的影响。因此,以认知语境为理论基础来分析《诗经》中的隐喻翻译情况就显得更有价值。

The cognitive context is the cognitive result that people according to the experience of the mind recognize the things of the outer world,while the metaphor is the mode of thinking that people according to something and experience in the mind understand and recognize the other thing and experience.The correct understanding for metaphor is based on cognitive context,and to translate metaphor is a more complex structure,so it is necessary to find the shared cognitive context of both sides and to understand the true meaning of discourse in order to get the most successful translation result.There are a large number of poetries about animal and plant names in TheBookofPoetry which were written through metaphor.Incorrect understanding of metaphor will cause translation deviation.At present,The Book of Poetry has been translated into many kinds of languages.The cognitive context of the translator has great influence on the translating and texts.Thus It＇s valuable to analyze the metaphors in The Book of Poetry using cognitive context as theoretical foundation.