氧化钇空心微球的制备及其复合橡胶的低频阻尼性能

Preparation of Y_2O_3 Hollow Spheres and Low Frequency Damping Properties of Rubber Composite Reinforced with Y_2O_3 Hollow Spheres

以用分散聚合法制备的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)微球作为牺牲模板,用均相沉淀法制备PMMA/碱式碳酸钇(Y(OH)CO3)复合微球,高温煅烧后得到氧化钇(Y2O3)空心微球,将其与丁基橡胶复合制备了复合橡胶低频高阻尼材料。用傅里叶变换红外光谱分析(FTIR),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),透射电子显微镜(TEM),热重分析仪(TG),X射线衍射分析(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)等手段对Y2O3空心球的形貌与结构组成进行了表征。结果表明,Y2O3空心球由立方萤石结构的颗粒组成,外空心直径为1μm,壳层的厚度约为80 nm。将Y2O3空心微球和粉体分别作为填料加入丁基橡胶中制备的Y2O3/丁基橡胶复合材料,与加入Y2O3粉体相比,加入Y2O3空心球明显提高了丁基橡胶的阻尼性能,在8、18、28、50、65、90 Hz附近的损耗因子较大。

Poly（methyl methacrylate）（PMMA） spheres were firstly prepared through dispersion polymerization, then with which as sacrifice template, PMMA/Y（OH）CO3 composite microspheres were prepared by homogeneous precipitation technique. Thirdly, Y2O3 hollow spheres were obtained by calcination of PMMA/Y（OH）CO3 at elevated temperature, and finally Y2O3 hollow shperes reinforced butyl rubber composites were fabricated. The structure and morphology of the Y2O3 hollow nanospheres were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, transmission electron microscope（TEM）, X-ray photoelectron spectrum（XPS）, X-ray diffraction（XRD） and thermogravimetry（TG）. The results show that hollow spheres composed of Y2O3 particles of face-centered cubic crystallorgraphic structure, and their diameter is about 1 μm with a thin shell thickness about 80 nm. The hollow microspheres and powders of Y2O3 as filler were added respectively into butyl rubber to prepare butyl rubber composites. It follows that the butyl rubber composites with addition of Y2O3 hollow spheres rather than that of Y2O3 powders exhibited better damping properties with larger loss factors by frequencies such as 8, 18, 28, 50, 65 and 90 Hz.